松岡 弘記

The present study examined the effect of high protein diet programs (Protein≧2.0 g・kg^<-1>・day^<-1>) for male college weight lifters on weight reduction in preparation for competitions. Body composition (under-water weighing), physical working capacity (muscle strength and maximal anaerobic power output), blood constituents and urinary nitrogen excretion (UN) of five male weight lifters (20±2 years) were measured before and at the last stage of the dieting. The period of dieting was 20 days. They practiced about two hours per day, five days a week, during the diet period. The average daily diet contained 2424 kcal (30.95 kcal・kg^<-1>・day^<-1>) with 163 g of protein (2.1 g・kg^<-1>・day<-1>), 81 g of fat and 250 g of carbohydrate. All vitamin intake (A, B_1, B_2, C) and mineral intake (calcium and iron) in this diet were higher than the Japanese recommended dietary allowance (RDA). After dieting, body weight decreased from 78.33 kg to 75.77 kg and the difference was composed of 1.15 kg of body fat and 1.41 kg of lean body weight (LBW). Blood constituents (Ht, TP, Alb, BUN, FFA) were still within normal ranges despite significant changes. UN was increased significantly, but the difference between nitrogen intake and UN was positive (+7.53 g). The estimated value of the nitrogen balance including fecal nitrogen loss (≦2.6 g) and dermal nitirogen loss (≦2.8 g) was positive (+2.13 g). None of the physical working capacities in muscle strength and maximal anaerobic power output showed significant changes. These data suggested that a high protein diet program for weight reduction in weight lifgters was not effective for maintaining LBW. However, it was indicated that the decrease of LBW was not caused by body protein loss.

女子器械体操選手が実際に用いている減量食の内容を明らかにし、その減量食を用いた減量が身体諸機能にどのような影響を及ぼすのかを検討した。その結果、次のことが明らかとなった。1) 減量食摂取期間中のエネルギー摂取量は1720±378kcalであり、減量食摂取前よりも349kcal少なかった。減量食の内容を日本人女子20才の栄養所要量と比較すると特に蛋白質、鉄、カルシウム、ビタミンAの摂取量が少なかった。2) 44日間の減量食を摂取した結果、被検者5名の体重減少量は平均値で0.93kg, %fatの減少は1.3%であったが、被検者5名中2名は体重を減少することができなかった。皮下脂肪厚、周径囲には著しい変化はなかった。また、全身持久性能力、筋力にも減量の影響はみられなかった。3) 血液成分ならびに安静時と運動中の呼吸交換率から体脂肪がエネルギーとして用いられていることが示唆され、減量食摂取の影響がうかがわれた。また、減量食摂取による貧血はみられず、尿中総窒素排泄量は有意な変化を示さなかった。以上の結果から女子器械体操選手の減量では運動機能面に低下はみられなかったものの体脂肪を十分に減少できず、減量食摂取で生ずる可能性がある貧血の発生や体蛋白の過剰な崩壊を防止するために蛋白質、鉄の摂取量を増加させることが必要であり、現在用いている経験的な減量食は改善される必要があると考えられた。Laboratory for Exercise Phyiology and Biomechanics. Faculty of Physical Education. Chukyo University. The purpose of this study was to investigate a diet program of female college gymasts and its effects on the various body functions of female college gymnasts. The body composition (underwater weighing), submaximal and maximal aerobic powers, muscle strength, blood constituents and urinaly constituents of five female gymnasts (aged 19-21 years) were measured before and after 44 day-diet. The practiced about four hours a day, six days a week, during the diet period. Each subjects kept their own daily records of total food intakes for three consecutive days before and at the end of the diet. The diet program was conducted on the basis of their own experience of diet. Before the dieting their averaged energy intakes per day was 2069 kcal, which were almost the same as Japanese recommended dietaly allowance. According to their records the averaged diet had 1720 kcal of energy, 55.2 g of protein, 70.1 g of fat, 218.1 g of carbohydrates, 412 mg of calcium, 7.7 mg of iron, 707 IU of vitamin A, 0.83 mg of vitamin B_1 0.93 mg of vitamin B_2 and 114 mg of vitamin C, but all the intakes except fat and vitamin C were less than those of Japanese recommended dietaly allwance. After the dieting two subjects could not get their body weight decrease. Mean body weight loss of all the subjects were 0.93kg, of which was composed of 0.82 kg of fat and 0.11 kg of LBM. Aerobic powers and muscle strength did not show any significant changes. Most of blood constituents were still in normal ranges in spite of significant changes. The urinaly nitrogen excretions measured before and after daily practice did not changes significantly after the dieting. These data illustrates that the diet program wighout any guidances of a diet specialist would not be suitable to succeed in shaping up female college gymnasts.

女子器械体操選手が実際に用いている減量食の内容を明らかにし、その減量食を用いた減量が身体諸機能にどのような影響を及ぼすのかを検討した。その結果、次のことが明らかとなった。1) 減量食摂取期間中のエネルギー摂取量は1720±378kcalであり、減量食摂取前よりも349kcal少なかった。減量食の内容を日本人女子20才の栄養所要量と比較すると特に蛋白質、鉄、カルシウム、ビタミンAの摂取量が少なかった。2) 44日間の減量食を摂取した結果、被検者5名の体重減少量は平均値で0.93kg, %fatの減少は1.3%であったが、被検者5名中2名は体重を減少することができなかった。皮下脂肪厚、周径囲には著しい変化はなかった。また、全身持久性能力、筋力にも減量の影響はみられなかった。3) 血液成分ならびに安静時と運動中の呼吸交換率から体脂肪がエネルギーとして用いられていることが示唆され、減量食摂取の影響がうかがわれた。また、減量食摂取による貧血はみられず、尿中総窒素排泄量は有意な変化を示さなかった。以上の結果から女子器械体操選手の減量では運動機能面に低下はみられなかったものの体脂肪を十分に減少できず、減量食摂取で生ずる可能性がある貧血の発生や体蛋白の過剰な崩壊を防止するために蛋白質、鉄の摂取量を増加させることが必要であり、現在用いている経験的な減量食は改善される必要があると考えられた。Laboratory for Exercise Phyiology and Biomechanics. Faculty of Physical Education. Chukyo University. The purpose of this study was to investigate a diet program of female college gymasts and its effects on the various body functions of female college gymnasts. The body composition (underwater weighing), submaximal and maximal aerobic powers, muscle strength, blood constituents and urinaly constituents of five female gymnasts (aged 19-21 years) were measured before and after 44 day-diet. The practiced about four hours a day, six days a week, during the diet period. Each subjects kept their own daily records of total food intakes for three consecutive days before and at the end of the diet. The diet program was conducted on the basis of their own experience of diet. Before the dieting their averaged energy intakes per day was 2069 kcal, which were almost the same as Japanese recommended dietaly allowance. According to their records the averaged diet had 1720 kcal of energy, 55.2 g of protein, 70.1 g of fat, 218.1 g of carbohydrates, 412 mg of calcium, 7.7 mg of iron, 707 IU of vitamin A, 0.83 mg of vitamin B_1 0.93 mg of vitamin B_2 and 114 mg of vitamin C, but all the intakes except fat and vitamin C were less than those of Japanese recommended dietaly allwance. After the dieting two subjects could not get their body weight decrease. Mean body weight loss of all the subjects were 0.93kg, of which was composed of 0.82 kg of fat and 0.11 kg of LBM. Aerobic powers and muscle strength did not show any significant changes. Most of blood constituents were still in normal ranges in spite of significant changes. The urinaly nitrogen excretions measured before and after daily practice did not changes significantly after the dieting. These data illustrates that the diet program wighout any guidances of a diet specialist would not be suitable to succeed in shaping up female college gymnasts.